Method and device for producing a yarn with ring-spun characteristics

ABSTRACT

In what is referred to as an air vortex spinning method, fibres are dispersed by a dispersion roller ( 5 ) into individual fibres, and conveyed by means of a suction roller ( 9 ) against a fibre conveying channel ( 15 ), from which the fibres are conducted against the mouth of a yarn channel of a hollow spindle ( 13 ). In this situation, the front ends of the fibres are taken up in the yarn channel ( 14 ), while the rear ends are acquired by a rotating air flow R and rotated around the mouth area of the spindle or yarn channel, so that a yarn is formed which exhibits at least a surface which displays a character similar to a ring-spun yarn.  
     Th principle according to the invention is that, on the one hand, the fibres are separated at the transfer from the dispersion roller ( 5 ) to the suction roller by an abrupt change of direction at the baffles or deflector plates  8  and  17  from the trash particles, these particles being unable to follow the abrupt change of direction because of inertia, in such a way that these trash particles, which cause spinning interruptions in the area between the outlet of the fibre conveying channel ( 15 ) and the intake of the yarn channel ( 14 ), are separated out in good time before the inlet into the fibre conveying channel.

[0001] The invention relates to a spinning method and a spinning device for the manufacture of a yarn with a character similar to a ring-spun yarn according to the main term of the independent claims, in which at least one fibre structure is dispersed by a dispersion means into individual fibres and the individual fibres are taken up by a moving collection and conveying surface and conveyed in a specific direction and finally rotated in a spinning unit to form a yarn.

[0002] In principle there are two processing methods for preparing a fibre feed, also referred to as a fibre structure, for the application of rotation. In a first variant, the feed is refined and paralleled in a drafting device (Fig. A), after which the fibres of the fibre structure are wound together in a spinning triangle and spun in a spinning unit (A.2). In a second variant, the feed is dispersed by a dispersal roller (Fig. B) into “individual fibres” and conducted to a back-doubling system or fibre collecting system respectively, such as a rotor. Opposite the incoming fibre sliver, the fibre flow conducted to the yarn end is also refined, i.e. the method with a dispersal roller also creates a draft.

[0003] These variants each have their advantages and disadvantages.

[0004] The fibres leaving a drafting device (Fig. A) exhibit a relatively high degree of orientation (A.1), which favours the optimum exploitation of the fibre substance in the yarn. This variant is therefore used if a high quality is required. The drafting process is, however, relatively expensive. The maximum draft in the drafting device of a final spinning process is limited to about 200 to 300. The incoming fibres should exhibit a minimum orientation (known hook theory). Accordingly, an elaborate preparation is required before running into the drafting device (several drafting passages, if appropriate the combing out of short fibres). The drafting device is relatively complex and requires considerable maintenance loading system, roller coverings (which need to be ground), small belts (which regularly need to be replaced), and precise adaptation to the material which is to be processed. In addition to this, it is not possible for dirt to be screened out in the drafting device, because the fibre feed or structure is not dispersed into individual fibres.

[0005] The method (Fig. B) with a dispersion roller (B.1) is relatively robust and maintenance-friendly. There are only a few individual parts concerned, and they are relatively easy to adjust. The method can create a relatively high draft (approx. 500) and can therefore function with drafting slivers from the first passage, and if applicable even with card sliver as a feed. Because the feed is dispersed into individual fibres, it is possible for dirt (B.2) to be screened out in direct connection with the dispersal. The disadvantage of the dispersal roller, however, lies in the fact that the fibre orientation (B.3) of the feed is lost after the dispersal, i.e. in the conveying, and cannot be reconstituted by the time twisting is carried out. This method has therefore hitherto only been suitable for the manufacture of yarns for limited scopes of application.

[0006] It would be desirable for a method (Fig. C) to be developed in which on the one hand the robustness and maintenance-friendliness of the dispersion roller (C.1) with the fibre orientation (C.2) of the product from the drafting device, and at least the possibility of screening out dirt (C.3 and/or C.4), would produce a high-quality yarn (C.6).

[0007] A device is known from the prior art for the manufacture of a yarn with the character of a ring-spun yarn, which is provided with a dispersal roller for dispersing at least one fibre sliver into individual fibres, as well as with a collecting roller and delivery roller for taking over and taking up and conveying the individual fibres against an element with a fibre delivery channel, by means of which the fibres are conveyed against a rotating or stationary hollow spindle, through which the yarn in question is drawn, whereby twisting nozzles are provided at the output end of the fibre conveying channel, which on the one hand create a suction air flow through the fibre conveying channel and, on the other, creates a rotating air flow at the end of the fibre conveying channel, by means of which the rear ends of individual fibres are splayed and rotated about the mouth edge of the hollow spindle and therefore rotate th fibres located therein to form a yarn. Such a method and such a device are known from DE 197 46 602 A1. In this situation, the element with the fibre conveying channel, the rotating air flow, and the hollow spindle in element which is known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,159,806 and is designated as an air vortex spinning nozzle and is known from the prior art.

[0008] It can be seen from DE 197 46 602 A1 that the dispersal roller is provided with teeth which deliver the fibres in the same conveying direction to a first suction roller, and this delivers them in the same conveying direction to a second suction roller, whereby the fibres from a clamping line are delivered by the second suction roller into the fibre conveying channel. This clamping line is established by means of a full roller subjected to pressure by means of the second suction roller. The yarn is drawn off by a pair of delivery rollers after the spinning device.

[0009] In this situation the fibres are taken up in the same conveying device by the first and the second suction roller, in which situation this is done at this point in order to obtain a draft effect analogous to that of a drafting device in the fibre structure. The disadvantage lies, however, in the fact that the dispersal roller exhibits a lower circumferential speed than the first suction roller which is required to take over the fibres from the dispersal roller. This results in an imprecisely defined fibre transfer, which could result in irregularities in the subsequent fibre structure. A further disadvantage lies in the fact that possible dirt occurring, which is mentioned in this Application, is only deflected by means of a separation blade provided for the dispersal of the fibre. Such a dirt separation element is known from practice. On the other hand, dirt which occurs not as dust but essentially as trash particles, e.g. small fragments of cotton seeds, is harmful for the aforesaid spinning process, in which the fibres must be discharged after the fibre collection channel into the hollow spindle in a narrow space between the outlet of the fibre channel and the hollow spindle, and is therefore highly damaging if certain sizes of the trash particles block the intake to this hollow spindle together with the fibres, or interfere with the rotating air flow necessary for the spinning process, which leads to a sudden interruption of the spinning process and therefore to a stoppage of the spinning device.

[0010] The problem of the invention was therefore to find a possibility of guiding the fibres on the way from dispersion as far as the fibre conveying channel in such a way that, on the one hand the fibres are transported in an essentially extended position in order, in this manner, to remove these trash particles from the fibre structure before reaching the said nozzle spinning device with greater reliability than with the prior art.

[0011] This is achieved according to the invention in that the individual fibres are deflected from the preceding conveying device at the transfer to the collection surface which takes up the fibres and/or at the transition to the fibre conveying channel of the spinning device, in such a way that the fibres are on the one hand stretched out, and, on the other, the dirt particles are released from the fibre structure and satisfactorily separated from the fibres deflected in this way.

[0012] A further step according to the invention towards the extending of the fibres and the separation of the trash particles from the fibre structure lies in the fact that at least a sufficient speed difference pertains at the transfer points, i.e. the speed gradients from the dispersion step to the collection step and/or a rise in speed from the collection step to the conveying step in the fibre channel, whereby to advantage the conveying direction of the fibre collecting surface is directed opposite to the conveying direction of the dispersion rollers, so that with regard to the fibres taken over from the collection conveying surface, after the front end of the collection conveying surface has been acquired, the rear part of the fibres is conveyed onwards at the circumferential speed of the dispersion roller, so that the fibre to a certain degree creates a ride-over, in order to lie on the collection conveying surface in the conveying direction opposed to the conveying direction of the dispersion roller, whereby the fibres are extended and trash particles are centrifuged away.

[0013] In a similar manner, at the transfer of the fibres from the collection conveying surface into the fibre conveying channel the front ends are taken up by the air flow through the fibre conveying channel, while the following part of the fibres is still lying on the collection conveying surface and, as a result, the fibres undergo a sharp deflection at the transition into the fibre conveying channel, which thereafter assists in extending the fibres by means of the traction force of the air flow, and any trash particles still remaining are to be screened out tangentially to the conveying direction of the collection conveying surface.

[0014] Further advantageous embodiments are presented in the further dependent claims. The invention is explained on the basis of four embodiments, which are not restricting to the concept of the invention.

[0015] These show:

[0016]FIGS. 1A, 2A, 3AA cross-section in each case through a device according to the invention, according to the section lines IV (each in Fig. C), represented in a semi-diagrammatical form

[0017]FIGS. 1B. 2B, 3BA section in each case of the device from FIGS. 1A, 2A, 3A and 4A, according to sectional lines I-I

[0018]FIGS. 1C, 2C, 3CA plan view in each case of the device from FIGS. 1A, 2A, 3A and 4A, with a partial section according to the sectional lines II-II, and with certain parts omitted

[0019]FIGS. 2D and 3D a section in each case of the device from FIGS. 2C and 3C according to the sectional lines III-III

[0020]FIGS. 1A.1, 1B.1, 1C.1 an enlargement in each case of FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C, partially represented

[0021]FIG. 4 a part of FIGS. 1A and 1C with a false twist spinning device

[0022]FIG. 5 a variant of FIG. 4

[0023]FIG. 6 a part of FIGS. 1A and 1C with a centrifuge spinning device

[0024]FIG. 7 a variant of the device according to the invention

[0025]FIGS. 1A to 1C.1 show that a fibre strip 1 is guided through a feed channel 2, taken over by a feed roller 3, and conducted from this to a dispersion roller 5 provided with teeth or needles 6. In this situation the fibre strip 1 is compacted between the feed roller and a feed trough 4, and conducted to the dispersion roller 5. The dispersion roller in this case is a known needle roller, but could also be a known tooth roller or suction roller, or a dispersion surface not otherwise shown here.

[0026] The fibre sliver 1 is a fibre sliver which is already at least carded, if not even stretched; in other words, it is a fibre sliver in which the fibres lie in an essentially parallel position and not in a tangle, such as, for example, at the intake of a card. In this situation such a fibre sliver already exhibits a high degree of uniformity with regard to fibre distribution in the cross-section.

[0027] The fact pertains, however, that despite the prior preparation of this fibre sliver trash particles, i.e. small fragments of cotton seeds for example, referred to as seed coat fragments, are contained in the fibre sliver, which could cause the aforementioned interference with the spinning process.

[0028] According to the invention, a housing 7, which also serves to guide the fibres dispersed with needles or teeth, exhibits a deflector or baffle plate 8 at that point at which the fibres leave the dispersion roller 5 (see FIG.1A.1), and are taken up by a suction roller 9 as a collection roller. In this situation the fibres discharged from the dispersion roller 5 complete the procedure shown in FIG. 1A.1. In other words, a front fibre end F.1 (provided with an arrow for identification) is sucked up by the suction air M of the suction roller 9 and carried away in a conveying direction (as shown in FIG. 1A.1) which is opposite to the previous conveying direction, which is represented in FIG. 1A.1 by F.3, so that the following part of F.1, shown by F.2, is ridden over because of the change of direction and because of the higher circumferential speed of the dispersion roller 5 in relation to the circumferential speed of the suction roller 9, the surface of which is designated as the collection and conveying surface, and then, as indicated by F.3, is located on the surface of the suction roller. In this situation, any trash particles T which are present are separated from the fibres.

[0029] The fibre F.3, which is conveyed onwards to the suction roller 9, as represented by F.4, is acquired by a conveying air flow flowing in a fibre conveying channel 15, and is likewise deflected by a baffle or deflector plate 17 in such a way that trash particles T are removed in an essentially tangential direction to the conveyor roller 9.

[0030] The conveying air flow in the conveying channel 15 (FIG. 1A) is created on the one hand by an air flow which derives from twist nozzles 11, which are arranged in such a way that the air flow deriving from the nozzles 11 rotates in the direction characterised as R in FIG. 1C.1, and, on the other hand, because of an injector effect created by the positioning of the nozzles, sucks air S through the fibre conveying channel. In addition to this, as characterised by B in FIGS. 1A.1 and 1C.1, it is possible for preference for a blow air flow to support the air flow S, which also supports the deflection of the fibre F.4 about the baffle or deflector plate 17. This air flow B is blown via a feed pipe B.1 into an air chamber B.2 and through the holes 18 provided in the suction roller against the fibre conveying channel.

[0031] The front ends of the fibres F.4, after leaving the fibre conveying channel 15, are acquired by the fibres F.5, already located in a yarn channel 14 of a hollow spindle 13, and with their rear ends rotating around the mouth aperture of the spindle 13, and are drawn into the yarn channel 14 at the speed with which a yarn Y is drawn from take-off or delivery rollers (not shown), while the rear ends leaving the fibre conveying channel are splayed by the rotating air flow R, and, as represented by F.5, are rotated about the mouth of the spindle 13, as a result of which the yarn comes into being, which corresponds at least to the surface of a ring-spun yarn, as a result of which the yarn is designated as “similar to ring-spun yarn”.

[0032] From the aforesaid air vortex spinning practice the principle is known that trash particles, which are designated here by T, can cause problems in a narrow area between the fibre conveying channel outlet and the mouth of the yarn channel 14 such that the said trash particles prevent the fibres delivered through the fibre conveying channel from being able to batch up with the fibres already located in the yarn channel 14, or that the trash particles interfere with the air vortex in such a way that a momentary yarn break with stoppage is the consequence. The removal of the trash particles according to the invention in front of the yarn conveying channel is intended to essentially alleviate this problem.

[0033] Because the fibre sliver 1 exhibits a greater width, seen in the axial direction of the feed roller 3, than the width of the intake of the fibre conveying channel 15, the fibre structure must be compacted on the suction roller 9 during the conveying procedure, as is represented by the broken lines 16. To do this, air deflection areas 19 are provided on both sides of the suction area M (FIGS. 1A.1 to 1C.1) identified by the lines 16, which conduct air over the surface of the suction roller 9, in order for it to be sucked in on the surface of the suction area at about the middle of the suction area M, as a result of which fibres are displaced from the area A into the area M.

[0034] The blower area B provided at the end of the suction area M, seen in the direction of rotation of the suction roller 9, supports the suction force of the conveying flow in the fibre conveying channel 15, as a result of which this blowing area B can be used or shut down, depending on the circumstances. These processes are essentially demonstrated by FIGS. 1A.1 and 1C.1.

[0035] If the blowing area B is in operation, the air volume in the fibre conveying channel encompasses that volume from the blowing area B as well as an additional quantity which is sucked in as a result of the injector effect of the nozzles 11 at the inlet of the fibre conveying channel 15. This air which is additionally sucked in is identified as S FIG. 1C.1), while the air from the area B is identified by B (FIGS. 1A.1 and 1C.1).

[0036] A nozzle block 10 contains on the one hand the fibre conveying channel 15 and, on the other, the twist nozzles 11, which are provided with compressed air by means of an air delivery channel 12.

[0037] The spindle 13 is as a rule stationary, but the possibility also pertains of supporting the combination of the rotation of the fibres F5 with a rotation of the spindle in the direction R, i.e. at a prescribed speed.

[0038] In FIGS. 1A to 1C.1, drive shafts 21, 22, and 23 are shown, which belong to the elements 3, 5, and 9, by means of which it is shown in semi-diagrammatic form that the elements 3, 5, and 9 are capable of being rotated and driven.

[0039]FIGS. 1C and 1C.1 show that the holes 18 are distributed over the entire width of the suction roller 9, as a result of which the air cover 20 is not shown in FIGS. 1C and 1C.1.

[0040] Thereafter the fibre sliver 1 is brought against the feed roller 3 by means of a feed trough, secured to a hinge 4.1, and a pressure spring 4.2 taking effect thereon.

[0041]FIGS. 2A to 2D show, instead of a suction roller 9, a suction strip 9.1, whereby the advantage of the suction strip 9.1 lies in the fact that, despite the small diameter of the suction rollers, a sufficiently large suction interval can be obtained, within which the fibres can be displaced from the areas A into the area M. Accordingly, the suction strip 9.1 is an air-permeable conveying strip 9.2, which is accommodated on air-permeable carrier rollers 9.3, whereby the channel division M, A, and B are the same as in FIGS. 1A to 1C.1. Likewise, the spinning process is the same as that shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C1. The trash screening is the same as that in FIGS. 1A to 1C.1.

[0042]FIGS. 3A to 3D show a variant in relation to FIGS. 2A to 2D, inasmuch as the areas A.1 exhibit compressed air instead of the suction air in the areas A of FIGS. 2A to 2D. To this end, a compressed air blower inlet nozzle, a compressed air distribution chamber, and compressed air outlet areas are provided for, all designated as A.1, whereby the compressed air is conducted in the areas A.1 left and right (FIG. 3B) of the central area, designated by M, through the air-permeable conveying strip 9.2, and either conducted with the aid of the air deflection cover 20.1 into the middle area M, or also without the air covering 20.1.

[0043] In other words, in the examples from FIGS. 3A to 3D, the fibres are conducted into the middle area M with the aid of compressed air. In this context it may be mentioned that the compressed air is conducted for preference with the air covering 20.1 against the middle area.

[0044] In all the Figures the direction of rotation of the corresponding rotating and powered elements are represented by direction of rotation arrows, and, in addition, with the aid of numbers arrows also indicate that, for example, the dispersal roller 5 rotates at a substantially higher circumferential speed than the feed roller 3, while the suction roller 9 and the air-permeable carrier rollers 9.3 respectively, and therefore the air-permeable conveyor belt 9.2, exhibit a lower circumferential speed than the dispersal roller 5. Due to these differences in speed the possibility pertains of carrying out the guidance of the fibres in the manner referred to in the preamble, with the locational steps F.1, F.2, and F.3.

[0045] Not represented but in fact present is the fact that the conveyor air flow in the fibre conveying channel likewise exhibits a higher speed than the circumferential speed of the suction roller 9 or the air-permeable conveyor belt 9.2 respectively, as a result of which the fibres are drawn abruptly around the baffle or deflector plate 8.1 into the fibre conveying channel 15, which likewise incurs on the one hand an extension of the fibres and, on the other, the separation of the trash particles T, essentially in the directions shown in the Figures. The optional blown air B shown in the Figures, which helps the fibres to be conveyed around the baffle or deflector plate 17.1 into the fibre conveying channel 15 is determined in such a way that no trash particles can pass into the fibre conveying channel 15. This applies to all the Figures shown.

[0046] In principle, the thinking of the invention, namely to extend fibres by means of a deflection, and to separate dirt particles from them by means of a deflection of the fibres, is not restricted to the examples shown with deflection around the baffle or deflector plate 8 or around the baffle or deflector plate 17 into the fibre conveying channel. Other examples may be provided, in which the kinetic energy of the trash particles is used in order to separate fibres by deflection out of the direction of energy of the trash particles, and, as a result, to achieve the separation of the dirt and so prevent the interruption of the spinning process referred to heretofore in this special spinning method due to trash particles.

[0047] Finally, mention should be made of the fact that a further advantage of the dispersal of a fibre sliver by means of a dispersion roller in comparison with the infeed of a fibre sliver by means of a drafting device lies in the fact that the service life of a dispersion roller is a multiple of that of a drafting device belt i.e. that operational downtimes and costs incurred by the replacement of belts in drafting devices can be substantially reduced. On the other hand, the system according to the invention of the extension of the fibres is essentially not a major disadvantage in comparison with fibre guidance in the drafting device, in which, as is known, the fibre is indeed accelerated but always exhibits the same position in respect of head and end, i.e. it must be accelerated in the narrow structure of the fibres located close to one another and lying on top of one another, by contrast with the open transfer of the fibres from one speed range to the next, in which the fibre sliver is again reformed without mutual friction between the fibres.

[0048] It may further be mentioned that, with regard to the speed referred to, this is governed in such a way that at the intake of the spindle 13 there are essentially no more fibres delivered than are drawn through the finished yarn. FIGS. 4 to 7 are described hereinafter.

[0049]FIG. 4 shows a cross-section of FIG. 4.1, shown in the direction of the arrow IV, and FIG. 4.1 shows a plan view of FIG. 4 in the direction of the arrow M, i. of the fibre dispersal and conveying unit of FIGS. 1A and 1C, additionally with a tension roller 25, which presses the fibre structure and the suction roller 9 against a surface, in order thereby to create a clamping line K, by means of which the spindle triangle 28, created by a twist-inducing nozzle 27, is delimited.

[0050] The twist-inducing nozzle 27 is a part of a two-nozzle spinning unit 30 of the known type “Murata”, to which a suction and fibre winding nozzle 26 pertains, which in a known manner winds peripheral fibres created with this system around what is referred to as the fals twist yarn core, created by the nozzle 27, so that in the final analysis a cover yarn 29 leaves the spinning unit 30.

[0051] This spinning unit 30 is known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,183,202 and DE 2649883 and is therefore not described in any further details.

[0052]FIGS. 5 and 5.1 likewise show the fibre dispersion and conveying part of FIGS. 1A and 1C, whereby in this case a single-nozzle spinning system 31 of the Applicants is used in order to produce a covered yarn 35.

[0053] In this situation, the tension roller 25 is likewise provided in order to create the clamping line K, by which point what is referred to as the false twist yarn core 34 is created, and therefore the spinning triangle 34.1 shown in FIG. 5.1.

[0054] In this case too, peripheral fibres are conducted in an inherently known manner by means of a suction and respooling part 32 against the twisted core 34, in order thereby to be wound, so that, because of the rotation of the false twist yarn engendered by the twist-inducing nozzle 33, the cover yarn 35 is finally created.

[0055] This spinning unit 31 is shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,565,063 and EP 131170, and is therefore not described here in any greater detail.

[0056]FIG. 6 shows the fibre dispersion and conveying part of FIG. 1A, likewise with the tension roller 25, in combination with a centrifugal spinning unit of the Applicants Schlafhorst, which is shown and described in EP 498171.

[0057] The centrifugal spinning unit creates a yarn 37 with a real twist. This yarn is primarily guided into a fibre guide 38, and then formed into a thread cake 42 by means of a tubular thread guide 40, likewise moved up and down by means of a thread guide bench 41, which itself moves up and down.

[0058] Because the spinning unit 36, as mentioned, is shown and described in EP 498171, this too will not be described here in any greater detail.

[0059]FIG. 7 shows a further variant of the spinning method according to the invention and the spinning device according to the invention for the manufacture of a yarn by means of an open-end spinning unit 50, in which the fibre sliver 1 is dispersed into individual fibres by a dispersion means, i.e. a dispersion roller 56, and the individual fibres are taken up by a moved collection and conveying means, in this case a suction roller 65, conveyed onwards in a conveyor element 74 in a specified direction 77, and finally into a spinning device (not shown). Instead of the conveying element 74, the spinning devices shown with the foregoing Figures can be provided for, whereby the suction roller 65 is adapted in each case in the manner shown in the Figures.

[0060] In this variant the fibres F.4 to F.6 undergo stretching in the area of the collection and conveying means, i.e. at the transfer to the suction roller 65.

[0061] This stretching is carried out by the fibres undergoing an essentially abrupt change of direction at the transfer by the suction roller 65, in that the front end of the fibre F.4, after being conveyed in a fibre conveying channel 62 by means of air 68 sucked in by the suction roller 65, is deflected against the surface of the suction roller 65, taken up by this, and that essentially the front end is conveyed further in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the fibre conveying channel 62, as a result of which the rear end of the fibre F.4 is displaced in an opposed direction, represented by the fibre F.5. The fibre, as it finally lies on the surface of the suction roller 65, is identified as F.6 and represented by a broken line, while the fibre F.4 is represented by an extended line and the fibre F.5 by a broken line.

[0062] This fibre deflection can also be designated as the ride-over of a fibre, whereby this deflection, or this ride-over respectively is effected depending on the design of this area of the fibre conveying channel at which the ride-over or deflection respectively is intended to take place. For example, a ride-over can be induced by exploiting the kinetic energy of the tail part of the fibre by applying brusque braking to the head part, or a ride-over can also be brought about by a sharp deflection of the head part and the continuing movement of the tail part in the unchanged direction of movement. A sharp change of direction of a fibre part of the latter type takes place when the deflection is incurred with a deflection radius which is small in comparison with the length of the fibre.

[0063] The term “head part” is understood to mean the front end of the fibre in the direction of movement, and the term “tail part” to mean the rear part in the direction of movement.

[0064] The deflection of the fibre, or of the ride-over respectively, takes place in the device from FIG. 7 in the area of the ballooning 63, which corresponds to an extension of the cross-section of the conveying air channel 62, in such a way that space is created for changing the position of the tail end of the fibre.

[0065] The possibility pertains, however, as mentioned, for the fibre to be conducted sharply around a deflection point 78 without such a ballooning point 63, which corresponds to the deflection with a small deflection radius.

[0066] The change of direction of the fibres can, as mentioned heretofore, be effected by means of kinetic energy in the tail part and/or by the circumferential speed VU.1 of the teeth 57 of the dispersion roller 56 and the conveying air speed VL are substantially greater, for example 30 m/sec, than the circumferential speed VU.2 of the suction roller, for example 10 m/sec, so that the fibre carries out the position steps F.4 via F.5 to F.6 in a process similar to a comb arrangement.

[0067] On the other hand, the possibility also pertains that the circumferential speed VU.2 is selected in such a way that the front end of the fibres, which is sucked up, is brought around the deflection point 78 relatively rapidly, so that a deflection of the fibre takes place with a relatively small deflection radius, which requires no ballooning 63.

[0068] This sharp deflection also takes place when the air speed VL is less than the circumferential speed VU.2 of the suction roller, since the suction roller exhibits the same direction of rotation D.2 as the direction of rotation D.1 of the dispersion roller 56, i.e. the suction roller 65 draws the fibre around the deflection point 78.

[0069] In whatever manner the deflection of the fibre takes place, this deflection causes the fibre to be extended, so that a parallelisation is effected of the fibres which are guided on the suction roller 65 against the spinning unit.

[0070] In FIG. 7, as mentioned, the spinning unit is not shown. By contrast, the conveying element 74 with a conveying channel 75 is shown, which, with the aid of injection blower nozzles 76, creates a suction effect on the fibres delivered from the suction roller 65, and conveys these in the fibre conveying direction 77 against or into a spinning unit, not shown. The delivery of the fibres from the suction roller 65 can be additionally supported by a blower area 71, which blows air 73 out of the blow-in tube 72 into the intake mouth of the conveying element 74.

[0071] The tension roller 25 helps to ensure that clear drawing off conditions for the fibres pertain from the suction roller 65 into the conveying channel 75, in order to guarantee the uniformity of the number of fibres per time unit in the channel.

[0072] In addition, in FIG. 7 the fibres of the fibre sliver 1 are guided through an infeed channel 51 and through an infeed roller 52 over an infeed trough 53 against the teeth or needles 57 of the dispersion roller, and rendered into individual elements by these teeth or needles, then conducted to the conveying air channel 62. In this situation the intake for the conveying air is identified by 61.

[0073] The infeed trough 53 presses against the fibre sliver 1 by means of the spring force of the spring 55, in order to guarantee a specified and uniform infeed, whereby this movement of the infeed trough 53 is rendered possible by the hinge 54.

[0074] The dispersion roller 56 is surrounded by a housing 58, which is interrupted locally after the dispersion of the fibres by a dirt separation channel 59, so that dirt 60 which is released from the fibre structure 1 can be evacuated by centrifugal force in the tangential direction towards the periphery of the dispersion roller 56. As a rule this involves coarse dirt, such as shell particles etc.

[0075] A further dirt evacuation takes place after the fibres are taken up by the suction roller 65 and conveyed further in the essentially opposite direction to the conveying direction of the air in the channel 62, in that the dirt is evacuated essentially in the direction of the conveying air through a dirt evacuation channel 59.1, as designated by 64. This dirt involves mainly residual dirt, i.e. dirt which tends to be finer

[0076] A cover 66 of the suction roller 65 connects the channel 59.1 with the conveying element 74. Such a cover can, however, be done away with if, as shown in FIG. 7, a separation wall 79 and 80 delimit the suction area 70 for the fibre conveying and the suction roller 65 in each case. The underpressure in the suction area 70 is incurred by an extraction suction arrangement 69. 

1. A spinning method for the manufacture of a yarn with the character of a ring-spun yarn, in which: at least one fibre structure is dispersed essentially into individual fibres by dispersion means, the individual fibres are deposited on a moving collection and conveying surface, and conveyed in a specified direction, in addition to the direction of conveying, the individual fibres are compacted in a direction transverse to the direction of conveying to form a fibre sliver of specified width, are taken up by the air flow of a fibre conveying channel and conveyed towards a hollow rotating or stationary spindle which takes up the front ends of the individual fibres, whereby fibre ends are splayed out from the fibre sliver by means of the air flow, and are rotated by the air flow after the fibre conveying channel around the fibres taken up by the hollow spindle to form the said yarn, characterised in that the collection and conveying surface exhibits a predetermined lower conveying speed than the conveying speed of the dispersion means, that at the transfer to the collection surface and/or into the fibre conveying channel the individual fibres are defected from the previously conveying direction and are taken up by the collection and conveying surface or by the fibre conveying channel in such a way that th fibres are thereby stretched out and are conveyed onwards in the stretched out state, whereby the stretching out takes place due to the kinetic energy inherent in the fibre and to a certain degree due to the higher speed of the conveying air flow in the fibre conveying channel.
 2. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that, at the deflection of the fibres, foreign bodies or dirt particles with greater specific weight or lower friction resistance in relation to the air are separated from the fibres and branched off.
 3. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that first the front ends of the individual fibres are taken up by the collection and conveying surface and, further, the remainder of the individual fibres are laid by what is referred to as a ride-over onto the collection and conveying surface and so extended and stretched.
 4. The method according to claim 3, characterised in that the dispersion roller and the collection and conveying surface exhibit the same or mutually-opposed directions of conveying.
 5. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that the suction air flow for the compaction of the fibre sliver is sucked in a suction surface which tapers in the direction of conveying, whereby the narrowest part of the suction surface corresponds essentially to the width of the fibre conveying channel.
 6. The method according to claim 5, characterised in that an air flow taking effect at the periphery of the tapering suction surface and directed inwards supports the compaction of the fibre sliver.
 7. The method according to claim 6, characterised in that this relates to a suction air flow or a blow air flow.
 8. The method according to claim 7, characterised in that the suction or blow air flow is deflected by a guide element.
 9. A device for the production of a yarn with the character of a ring-spun yarn: with dispersion means with a predetermined conveying speed for the dispersion of at least one fibre structure into individual fibres, with a collection and conveying surface for taking over and taking up and conveying of the individual fibres, towards a fibre conveying channel in which the fibres are conveyed by means of a conveying air flow towards a rotating or stationary hollow spindle, through which the yarn is drawn, whereby at the outlet end of the fibre conveying channel twist nozzles are provided, which, on the one hand, after the fibre conveying channel, create a rotating air flow and, on the other hand, create the conveying air flow before and in the fibre conveying channel, by means of which rear ends of individual fibres are splayed and rotated around the mouth periphery of the hollow spindle and therefore around the front fibre ends located therein, in order to be twisted into said yarn, characterised in that on the one hand, the conveying speed of the collection and conveying surface is lower by a predetermined amount than the conveying speed of the dispersion means, and the conveying speed of the dispersion means is greater by a predetermined amount than the conveying speed of the collection and conveying surface, and, on the other hand, transfer means are provided at the transfer from the dispersion means to the collection and conveying surface and/or at the transfer from the collection and conveying surface to the fibre conveying channel, which make possible an essentially abrupt change of direction of the fibres.
 10. The device according to claim 9, characterised in that provision is made for the said means and the said conveying speeds to be combined, in such a way that, at takeover by the collection and conveying surface and/or by the fibre conveying channel, the fibres assume a stretched position on the said surface or in the said conveying channel respectively.
 11. The device according to claim 9, characterised in that the dispersion means and/or the collection and conveying surface exhibit a camber with a specified radius at least at the fibre transfer point, and that the said transfer means is a baffle or deflector plate with a transfer edge, and the baffle or deflector plate is arranged essentially tangentially to the said camber, and the transfer edge is arranged at a specified distance interval from the collection surface and the inlet of the fibre conveying channel respectively, in such a way that the fibres are deflected around the transfer edge.
 12. The device according to claim 9, characterised in that the direction of movement of the collection and conveying surface and the direction of movement of the dispersion means are directed opposite to each other, and the distance interval between the two is such that, after the front end of the fibre has been taken up by the collection and conveying surface, the individual fibre has sufficient space to lie in a stretched position on the collection and conveying surface by means of a ride-over.
 13. The device according to claim 9, characterised in that the fibre conveying channel is directed essentially radially or at right angles to the collection and conveying surface.
 14. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that the dirt particles are separated out at the deflection point by means of the deflection of the fibres.
 15. The method according to claim 1, characterised in that the said speeds are matched in such a way that essentially not more fibres are delivered to the spindle than are drawn off through the finished yarn.
 16. The spinning method for the production of a yarn, in which at least one fibre structure is dispersed into individual fibres by a dispersion means, and the individual fibres are taken over by a moving collection and conveying means, and conveyed in a predetermined direction, characterised in that the fibres undergo stretching out in the area of the collection and conveying means.
 17. The method according to claim 16, characterised in that the extension stretching is effected by a ride-over of the fibres.
 18. The method according to claim 16, characterised in that during the deflection of the fibres dirt is simultaneously separated out.
 19. The spinning method for the production of a yarn, in which at least one fibre structure is dispersed into individual fibres by a dispersion means, and the individual fibres are taken over by a moving collection and conveying means, and conveyed in a predetermined direction into a spinning device, characterised in that the fibres undergo a lashing motion after the dispersion and before reaching the spinning device.
 20. The method according to claim 19, characterised in that the lashing motion is effected in such a way that the fibres thereby undergo stretching out.
 21. The method according to claim 19, characterised in that during the lashing motion of the fibres dirt is simultaneously separated out.
 22. The method according to claim 17 or 19, characterised in that the lashing motion is effected by means of a deflection of the fibres during the takeover by the collection and conveying means.
 23. The method according to claim 22, characterised in that the deflection is effected in such a way that the conveying direction after the dispersion means is essentially opposed to the conveying direction of the collection and conveying means.
 24. The method according to claim 22, characterised in that the deflection is effected in such a way that the conveying speed of the collection and conveying means is less than the conveying speed after the dispersion means.
 25. The method according to claim 23, characterised in that the deflection is effected in such a way that the conveying speed of the collection and conveying means is greater than the conveying speed after the dispersion means.
 26. The spinning method for the production of a yarn, in which at least one fibre structure is dispersed into individual fibres by a dispersion means, and the individual fibres are taken over by a moving collection and conveying means, and conveyed in a specified direction into a spinning device, characterised in that after the delivery of the fibres from the dispersion means, and before reaching the spinning device, a dirt separation process takes place.
 27. The method according to claim 26, characterised in that the dirt separation takes place at a deflection point of the fibres, at which the fibres undergo an abrupt change of direction and the dirt is thereby removed.
 28. The method according to claim 21, characterised in that the collection and conveying means comprise a suction roller.
 29. The method according to claim 26 or 27, characterised in that the dirt separation is effected by means of a filter effect, for example at the suction roller according to claim
 22. 30. The device for the production of a yarn according to at least one of the foregoing method claims, with: a dispersion means for the dispersion of a fibre structure into individual fibres and for the further conveying of these fibres to a collection and conveying means for taking up the fibres and conveying them onwards, and a spinning device for taking up the fibres after the collection and conveying means and for the production of the yarn, characterised in that means are provided in the area of the collection and conveying means for the stretching out of the fibres.
 31. The device according to claim 30, characterised in that the means for the stretching out of the fibres are fibre deflection means, by means of which the front end of the fibre is deflected against the collection and conveying means.
 32. The device according to claim 31, characterised in that the deflection means are designed in such a way that, after the front end of the fibre has been deflected, the rear end of the fibres is guided along the deflection means and beyond them, and in this situation carries out a lashing motion.
 33. The device according to claim 31, characterised in that the deflection means are designed in such a way that dirt which is conducted along it is conducted past the collection and conveying means.
 34. The device according to claim 30, characterised in that the collection and conveying means are a suction roller (9, 65) and the deflection means are the suction air from this roller.
 35. The device according to claim 34, characterised in that the conveying speed of the suction roller is provided as lower than the conveying speed after the dispersion means.
 36. The device according to claim 34, characterised in that the conveying speed of the suction roller is provided as greater than the conveying speed after the dispersion means.
 37. The device according to claim 34, characterised in that the collection and conveying means convey the fibres after the takeover against the spinning device.
 38. The device according to claim 34, characterised in that the suction roller comprises suction holes, which are designed in respect of size and arrangement in such a way that fine dirt can be sucked through these holes and can be conveyed away by aspiration.
 39. The device according to claim 34, characterised in that the suction roller is designed in such a way that the fibres conducted on it are compacted in a direction transverse to the conveying direction to form a narrower fibre sliver.
 40. The device according to claim 30, characterised in that the collection and conveying means exhibit a lower conveying speed than the conveying speed of the dispersion means.
 41. The device according to claim 30, characterised in that the spinning device is an air vortex spinning device.
 42. The device according to claim 30, characterised in that the spinning device is a respooling spinning device.
 43. The device according to claim 30, characterised in that the spinning device is a centrifugal spinning device.
 44. The device according to claim 30, characterised in that the dispersion means exhibit a direction of conveying which is directed essentially opposite to the collection and conveying means.
 45. The spinning method for the production of a yarn with the character of a ring-spun yarn, in which: at least one fibre structure is dispersed essentially into individual fibres, the individual fibres are deposited on a moving collection and conveying means and conveyed in a specified direction, in addition to the conveying direction, the individual fibres are also compacted in a direction transverse to the conveying direction to form a fibre sliver of specified width, and taken up by an air flow of a fibre conveying channel and conveyed against a hollow spindle, rotating or stationary, which takes up the front ends of the individual fibres, whereby: fibre ends are splayed out of the fibre sliver by means of the air flow, and are rotated by the air flow after the fibre conveying channel in order to twist the fibres taken up by the hollow spindle to form the said yarn, characterised in that the collection and conveying surface exhibits a specifically lower conveying speed than the conveying speed of the dispersion means, that the individual fibres are deflected, at the transfer to the collection surface and/or into the fibre conveying channel, out of the previous conveying direction and taken up by the collection and conveying means or by the fibre conveying channel in such a way that the fibres are stretched out in this situation due to the kinetic energy inherent in the fibres, as a result of the higher speed of the conveying air flow in the fibre conveying channel, and/or that first the front ends of the individual fibres are taken up by the collection and conveying surface, and, further, the remainder of the individual fibres are deposited on the collection and conveying surface by means of what is referred to as a lashing motion, and therefore stretched out.
 46. The device for the production of a yarn with the character of a ring-spun yarn, with a first dispersion means with specified conveying speed, for the dispersion of at least one fibre structure into individual fibres, with a collection and conveying surface for the take up and conveying of the individual fibres against a fibre conveying channel, in which the fibres are conveyed by means of a conveying air flow against a rotating or hollow spindle, through which the yarn is drawn, whereby an outlet end of the fibre conveying channel is provided with twist nozzles, which on the one hand create a rotating air flow after the fibre delivery channel, and, on the other, creates the conveying air flow before and in the fibre conveying channel, by means of which rear ends of individual fibres are splayed and rotated around the mouth periphery of the hollow spindle and therefore around the front fibre ends located therein to form the said yarn, characterised in that on the one hand, the conveying speed of the collection and conveying surface is specifically smaller than the conveying speed of the dispersion means, and that the conveying speed of the air flow in the fibre conveying channel is specifically higher than the conveying speed of the collection and conveying surface, and, on the other, hand, guide means are provided at the transfer from the dispersion means to the collection and conveying surface and/or at the transfer from the collection and conveying surface to the fibre conveying channel, which allows for an essentially abrupt change of direction of the fibres.
 47. The device according to claim 46, characterised in that the dispersion means and/or the collection and conveying surface exhibit a camber arrangement with a specified radius at least at the fibre transfer point, and that the said guidance means are a baffle or deflector plate with a transfer edge, and the baffle or deflector plate is provided essentially tangential to the said camber, and the transfer edge is provided for in such a way, with a distance interval to the collection surface or to the intake of the fibre conveying channel respectively, that the fibres are deflected around the transfer edge.
 48. The method according to claim 45, characterised in that by means of deflection of the fibres the dirt particles are separated out by centrifugal force at the transfer point.
 49. The method according to claim 45, characterised in that the said speeds are determined in such a way that the fibre flow, i.e. the fibre quantity per time unit, at the spindle corresponds to the fibre quantity in the yarn. 